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Milk quality issues: what
does it take to get somatic cell count down to 100,000 and keep
it ther? |
ENVIRONMENTAL MASTITIS IN HEIFERS |
Since it is recognized that cows are at increased
risk of new IMI by environmental pathogens early in the dry period
and in the peripartum period, it would be logical to assume that
the primiparous cow at or near parturition would likewise be at
higher risk to new infections under similar exposure.
It is not unusual in modern herds to find 5 to 10% of quarters
in heifers at calving infected with environmental pathogens. This
would be observed as increased SCC in early lactation and increased
incidence of clinical mastitis. In the study by Meaney (1981)
the infection prevalence at calving was 2.4-fold higher in housed
heifers (18.8%) compared with that in pastured heifers (8%).
These studies of environmental pathogen prevalence in primiparous
cows are in agreement with the streptococci (3.3% of quarters)
and coliform (3.5% of quarters) infection prevalence of cows at
calving reported by Smith et al. (1985a). These workers reported
an increase in rate of IMI by environmental pathogens with parity
in one herd over three years. In contrast, a survey of nine commercial
dairy herds revealed the rates of clinical mastitis were highest
in first lactation cows (Hogan et al., 1989a). Coliforms, bacteriologically
negative, and environmental streptococci accounted for 82.3% of
clinical cases. Despite this disagreement in results, it would
appear that primiparous cows in herds that have controlled contagious
mastitis can still be at considerable risk to new IMI by environmental
pathogens in the peripartum period (Harmon, 1990). |
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